Abstract:
Maize is the main staple food in Kenya with over 90% of Kenyans relying
on it. While the annual national consumption is increasing, the production of this crop has
been on the decline in the last two decades. Maize production in Kenya fell by 33.4% in
2013 with Nyeri among the counties said to be grappling with the production of this crop.
Land pressure is one of the major causes of decreased availability of food as well as soil
depletion and encroachment upon fragile ecosystems such as wetlands. Nitrogen is a key
nutrient in the production of maize, and its deficiency is a major factor limiting its
production. This study investigated the effect of N application at 120 kg N/ha and maize
density on the Leaf Area Index in reclaimed wetland soils in an experimental set-up
comprising a randomized complete block design with three replications. The research was
carried out in Nyeri County, Kenya. Leaf Area Index (LAI) was determined using the given
SunScan formula. Measurements were done continuously until crop physiological maturity.
Results indicated that the leaf area index increased with nitrogen application and reduced
with spacing for most treatments. There were no significant differences between the two
methods (Copy Method and SunScan). Leaf Area Index (LAI) was high in treatments
containing nitrogen and high plant density. It was concluded that high plant density gives
high LAI. 50 cm * 12.5 cm (-N) and 50 cm * 12.5 cm (+N) are the recommended plant
densities for the site.
